Refractometer

What it is and what sets it apart: It measures concentration, not “extraction” alone. With dose and yield you compute EY%. Needs calibration and proper sample prep.

How it’s used or measured: Calibrate with water → filter sample → read TDS → compute EY%. Always taste. Log TDS/EY in Brew Lab.

Flavours and cup impact: Well used: objective feedback. Miscalibrated: misleading numbers.

Technical notes: Coffee models ≠ aquarium meters. Sample temperature matters.

Common mistakes: Chasing numbers without tasting. Skipping filtration. Confusing water TDS with beverage TDS.